Marlin 1894 in 44 Mag with Winchester 240 gr JSP works fine...
. Punches an 'in' and a slightly-bigger 'out' hole, so anywhere through the thorax stops them breathing rapidly. Even a badly placed shot bleeds them out fairly quickly.
45 Colt is nearly identical, and both with ordinary modern loads are easy enough for good hits out to 125 yards, maybe more if you practice and know ranging really well (or mark the trails by your stands). 357 Magnum maybe better to limit to 2/3 that distance and more need to use a 'fairly solid' or 'heavy' bullet.
357 Max too long for most actions but great for breakopen rifles or pistols. Probably better than 357 Mag but the latter works.
444 Marlin and 45-70 are kinda overpowered for whitetail, but if you like them, they are reasonable and give you a bit more range due to higher initial velocity. Still use sort of 'stubby' bullets usually, so don't go too far with an ordinary miss, but an accidental high-angle discharge could kill someone very far away.
The wording was intended to eliminate 'pointy' high-ballistic-coefficient bullets, which certainly can travel too far to be safe, with even a slight overshoot of the target, but instead of spelling out 'high-b.c.' in the law, they tried to use 'straight-walled case of at least 0.xxx diameter'. As usual, legislative gibberish. Indiana stated something like minimum 0.243" diameter, and a minimum and maximum case length.
Part of it was to make something non-ambiguous that a DNR officer could easily check in-the-field.
I hope to get a 500 S&W Spike Driver (levergun) by the end of the year, and will likely christen it via deer hunting, though the round is way overpowered for whitetail.